diff --git a/REBUILD.md b/REBUILD.md
index b92c65d..4510ac3 100644
--- a/REBUILD.md
+++ b/REBUILD.md
@@ -260,9 +260,11 @@ Live indexing (the tail) runs since 2026-10-09.
 
 **Junk** (voyager 1's second filter, D42). After the header pass's rules
 (garbage signatures, executables, per-article and obfuscated subjects), the
-judge (`releases:judge`, service `judge`) judges releases hourly by what the
-prober, the merges and the spots found, in this order (the first rule
-wins): *dead* (every probed first article gone), *fake* (a film, episode
+judge (`releases:judge`, service `judge`) judges releases by what the
+prober, the merges and the spots found: every 2 minutes the releases whose
+facts changed (noted by triggers in `judge_dirty`), daily every release (for
+what time changes: a day after settling, ranges read beside it). In this
+order (the first rule wins): *dead* (every probed first article gone), *fake* (a film, episode
 or music name whose content is a program: archive entries all
 executables, or the file itself one by name or by its first bytes, sniffed
 `exe`), *repeated* (the same first 16 KiB and size in 20+ releases),
diff --git a/app/services/release_judge.ts b/app/services/release_judge.ts
index c77537f..c2b70b8 100644
--- a/app/services/release_judge.ts
+++ b/app/services/release_judge.ts
@@ -1,10 +1,18 @@
 import db from '@adonisjs/lucid/services/db'
 import logger from '@adonisjs/core/services/logger'
 
-/** Raised when a rule changes: verdicts of an older version are judged again. */
+/** Raised when a rule changes: verdicts of an older version are judged again (a full round, right away). */
 export const JUDGE_VERSION = 1
-/** Between rounds: each rule is a scan of its table. */
-const ROUND_MS = 60 * 60 * 1000
+/** Between rounds of the changed releases (judge_dirty, noted by triggers; migration 4900). */
+const ROUND_MS = 2 * 60 * 1000
+/**
+ * A full round (every release, each rule a scan of its table: 35–38 min) this often: for what no trigger notes. Time
+ * (unusable a day after settling, a release final once the ranges beside it are read) and fewer releases with a file
+ * after a merge (repeated).
+ */
+const FULL_MS = 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000
+/** Changed releases judged at a time. */
+const CHUNK = 50_000
 /** A file's first 16 KiB and size in this many releases is one file posted again and again (test files, spam). */
 const REPEATED_RELEASES = 20
 
@@ -24,10 +32,18 @@ export interface Rule {
   name: string
   /** Why, in a few words (the log, the web interface). */
   says: string
-  /** SELECT of the release ids the rule judges. */
-  sql: string
+  /** SELECT of the release ids the rule judges; scoped, only those in judge_scope. */
+  sql: (scoped: boolean) => string
 }
 
+/** A join to the releases in scope (an incremental round), on the given release id column. */
+const only = (scoped: boolean, column: string) => (scoped ? `JOIN judge_scope s ON s.release_id = ${column}` : '')
+
+/** The file hashes (first 16 KiB and size) of the releases in scope that are in REPEATED_RELEASES+ releases. */
+const TIPPED = `hashes AS (SELECT DISTINCT h.hash16k, h.size FROM file_hashes h JOIN judge_scope s ON s.release_id = h.release_id),
+  tipped AS (SELECT x.hash16k, x.size FROM hashes x
+    WHERE (SELECT count(DISTINCT f.release_id) FROM file_hashes f WHERE f.hash16k = x.hash16k AND f.size = x.size) >= ${REPEATED_RELEASES})`
+
 /**
  * The junk judge's rules, in order: a release takes the first that matches (REBUILD.md, junk). Each runs on what
  * the header pass, the prober, the merges and the spots know by now.
@@ -36,26 +52,33 @@ export const RULES: Rule[] = [
   {
     name: 'dead',
     says: 'every probed first article is gone from the server (taken down or expired)',
-    sql: `SELECT release_id FROM probe_candidates WHERE status IN ('done', 'missing', 'error') GROUP BY 1 HAVING bool_and(status = 'missing')`,
+    sql: (scoped) =>
+      `SELECT c.release_id FROM probe_candidates c ${only(scoped, 'c.release_id')}
+       WHERE c.status IN ('done', 'missing', 'error') GROUP BY 1 HAVING bool_and(c.status = 'missing')`,
   },
   {
     name: 'fake',
     says: 'named as a film, episode or music, but the content is a program',
     // An archive whose entries are all executables, under a media name (its own or its entries'); or a file that is
     // an executable by name or by its first bytes, under a media name.
-    sql: `SELECT i.release_id FROM release_inspections i JOIN releases r ON r.id = i.release_id
+    sql: (scoped) => `SELECT i.release_id FROM release_inspections i JOIN releases r ON r.id = i.release_id ${only(scoped, 'i.release_id')}
           WHERE i.kind = 'archive' AND jsonb_array_length(i.result->'names') > 0
             AND NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM jsonb_array_elements_text(i.result->'names') n WHERE n !~* '${EXECUTABLE}')
             AND (r.name ~* '${MEDIA}' OR (i.result->>'names') ~* '${MEDIA}')
           UNION
-          SELECT i.release_id FROM release_inspections i JOIN releases r ON r.id = i.release_id
+          SELECT i.release_id FROM release_inspections i JOIN releases r ON r.id = i.release_id ${only(scoped, 'i.release_id')}
           WHERE i.kind = 'lone' AND ((i.result->>'yencName') ~* '${EXECUTABLE}' OR i.result->>'type' = 'exe')
             AND (r.name ~* '${MEDIA}' OR (i.result->>'yencName') ~* '${MEDIA}')`,
   },
   {
     name: 'repeated',
     says: `the same file content in ${REPEATED_RELEASES}+ releases (test files, spam)`,
-    sql: `SELECT DISTINCT h.release_id FROM file_hashes h
+    // Scoped: the hashes of the releases in scope, counted each (a round first adds the other releases a hash of theirs
+    // tipped over: ReleaseJudge.changed).
+    sql: (scoped) =>
+      scoped
+        ? `WITH ${TIPPED} SELECT DISTINCT h.release_id FROM file_hashes h JOIN judge_scope s ON s.release_id = h.release_id JOIN tipped USING (hash16k, size)`
+        : `SELECT DISTINCT h.release_id FROM file_hashes h
           JOIN (SELECT hash16k, size FROM file_hashes GROUP BY 1, 2 HAVING count(DISTINCT release_id) >= ${REPEATED_RELEASES}) x USING (hash16k, size)`,
   },
   {
@@ -66,20 +89,24 @@ export const RULES: Rule[] = [
     // titles (LOG.md 2026-10-16 (64)). Not Celeborn, CelebTA or other posters with "celeb" in their name.
     // By the posters table's trigram index, each poster's releases then by releases_poster_newest_idx: 7 s, where the
     // regex on all of releases was 45 s, every round (LOG.md 2026-10-19 (80)).
-    sql: `SELECT r.id FROM posters p JOIN releases r ON left(r.poster, 200) = p.poster
+    sql: (scoped) =>
+      scoped
+        ? `SELECT r.id FROM releases r ${only(scoped, 'r.id')}
+          WHERE r.poster ~* '${SCRAPED_POSTERS}' AND r.source = 'subject' AND r.file_total IS NULL`
+        : `SELECT r.id FROM posters p JOIN releases r ON left(r.poster, 200) = p.poster
           WHERE p.poster ~* '${SCRAPED_POSTERS}' AND r.poster ~* '${SCRAPED_POSTERS}' AND r.source = 'subject' AND r.file_total IS NULL`,
   },
   {
     name: 'locked',
     says: 'passworded, and no spot, NZB or title gives the password',
     // releases_passworded_idx: a scan of all of releases was 30 s a round.
-    sql: `SELECT r.id FROM releases r WHERE r.passworded AND NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM release_passwords p WHERE p.release_id = r.id)`,
+    sql: (scoped) => `SELECT r.id FROM releases r ${only(scoped, 'r.id')} WHERE r.passworded AND NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM release_passwords p WHERE p.release_id = r.id)`,
   },
   {
     name: 'unusable',
     says: 'random names, no name inside, no par2 or inner-name merge, no spot, a day after settling, and final',
     // Final (release_final): next to an unread range its par2 or the rest of its files may still come (LOG.md 2026-10-16 (67)).
-    sql: `SELECT r.id FROM releases r
+    sql: (scoped) => `SELECT r.id FROM releases r ${only(scoped, 'r.id')}
           WHERE r.settled_at < now() - interval '1 day' AND NOT r.readable AND r.inner_name IS NULL
             AND release_final(r.group_id, r.first_article, r.last_article, r.posted_at, r.last_posted_at, r.complete)
             AND NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM release_merges m WHERE m.into_id = r.id)
@@ -89,15 +116,18 @@ export const RULES: Rule[] = [
 ]
 
 export interface JudgeRound {
-  /** Per rule: releases it judges now, verdicts added, verdicts taken back. */
+  /** Releases judged: every one (a full round), or the changed ones and those a hash of theirs tipped over. */
+  releases?: number
+  /** Per rule: releases it judges now (in scope), verdicts it gained, verdicts it lost. */
   rules: Record<string, { matched: number; added: number; removed: number }>
 }
 
 /**
  * The junk judge (REBUILD.md, junk; voyager 1's second filter, D42): after the header pass's rules (garbage
- * signatures, executables, …) a release is judged again once it's probed, by what its articles showed. Each
- * round recomputes every rule: a release a rule matches gets a verdict (the first rule in order, over a later one's), one it no longer
- * matches loses its verdict. Verdicts only hide (search leaves them out); nothing is dropped yet.
+ * signatures, executables, …) a release is judged again once it's probed, by what its articles showed. Every few
+ * minutes the releases whose facts changed (judge_dirty) are judged by every rule; a full round judges every release
+ * daily. A release gets the verdict of the first rule in order that matches it; one that no longer matches loses its
+ * verdict. Verdicts only hide (search leaves them out); nothing is dropped yet.
  */
 export class ReleaseJudge {
   private stopped = false
@@ -110,9 +140,13 @@ export class ReleaseJudge {
     while (!this.stopped) {
       const started = Date.now()
       try {
-        const round = await this.round()
-        const parts = Object.entries(round.rules).map(([n, r]) => `${n} ${r.matched} (+${r.added} −${r.removed})`)
-        logger.info(`Judged: ${parts.join(', ')}.`)
+        if (await this.fullDue()) {
+          const round = await this.full()
+          if (!this.stopped) logger.info(`Judged all releases: ${describe(round)}.`)
+        } else {
+          const round = await this.changed()
+          if (round.releases! > 0) logger.info(`Judged ${round.releases!.toLocaleString('en')} changed releases: ${describe(round)}.`)
+        }
       } catch (error: any) {
         logger.error(`Judge round failed: ${error.message}`)
       }
@@ -120,47 +154,124 @@ export class ReleaseJudge {
     }
   }
 
-  /** One round over every rule; with dry, only counts. */
-  async round(dry = false): Promise<JudgeRound> {
+  /** A full round is due: a day after the last, or the last was by another rule set. */
+  async fullDue(): Promise<boolean> {
+    const state = await db.from('judge_state').first()
+    return !state || state.version !== JUDGE_VERSION || Date.now() - new Date(state.full_at).getTime() >= FULL_MS
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Every release by every rule, the matches gathered in judge_full (each rule its own statement: no transaction of
+   * half an hour), then applied at once. With dry, only counts. Stopped halfway, nothing is applied.
+   */
+  async full(dry = false): Promise<JudgeRound> {
+    const started = new Date()
     const round: JudgeRound = { rules: {} }
     // Verdicts of an older rule set are judged again from scratch.
     if (!dry) await db.from('release_verdicts').where('rule_version', '<>', JUDGE_VERSION).delete()
-    const judged = new Set<string>()
+    await db.rawQuery(`TRUNCATE judge_full`)
     for (const rule of RULES) {
-      if (this.stopped) break
-      const { rows } = await db.rawQuery(rule.sql)
-      const ids = rows.map((r: Record<string, unknown>) => String(Object.values(r)[0])).filter((id: string) => !judged.has(id))
-      for (const id of ids) judged.add(id)
-      const stats = { matched: ids.length, added: 0, removed: 0 }
-      if (!dry) {
-        await db.transaction(async (trx) => {
-          // Dropped first: inside an outer transaction (the tests) ON COMMIT DROP comes only at its end.
-          await trx.rawQuery(`DROP TABLE IF EXISTS judged`)
-          await trx.rawQuery(`CREATE TEMP TABLE judged (release_id bigint PRIMARY KEY) ON COMMIT DROP`)
-          for (let i = 0; i < ids.length; i += 50_000) {
-            await trx.rawQuery(`INSERT INTO judged SELECT unnest(?::bigint[]) ON CONFLICT DO NOTHING`, [ids.slice(i, i + 50_000)])
-          }
-          const removed = await trx.rawQuery(
-            `DELETE FROM release_verdicts v WHERE v.rule = ? AND NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM judged j WHERE j.release_id = v.release_id)`,
+      if (this.stopped) return round
+      const { rowCount } = await db.rawQuery(
+        `INSERT INTO judge_full (release_id, rule) SELECT id, ? FROM (${rule.sql(false)}) AS x(id) ON CONFLICT DO NOTHING`,
+        [rule.name]
+      )
+      round.rules[rule.name] = { matched: rowCount ?? 0, added: 0, removed: 0 }
+    }
+    if (dry || this.stopped) return round
+    await db.rawQuery(`ANALYZE judge_full`)
+    await db.transaction((trx) => this.apply(trx, 'judge_full', false, round))
+    await db.rawQuery(
+      `INSERT INTO judge_state (id, full_at, version) VALUES (1, ?, ?) ON CONFLICT (id) DO UPDATE SET full_at = excluded.full_at, version = excluded.version`,
+      [started, JUDGE_VERSION]
+    )
+    return round
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * The releases noted in judge_dirty since, CHUNK at a time, each chunk in a transaction (a failed one stays noted).
+   * A changed release can bring a file to REPEATED_RELEASES releases: the others with it are judged too (all but those
+   * already repeated, or dead or fake, which come first).
+   */
+  async changed(): Promise<JudgeRound> {
+    const round: JudgeRound = { releases: 0, rules: {} }
+    for (const rule of RULES) round.rules[rule.name] = { matched: 0, added: 0, removed: 0 }
+    let more = true
+    while (more && !this.stopped) {
+      await db.transaction(async (trx) => {
+        // Dropped first: inside an outer transaction (the tests) ON COMMIT DROP comes only at its end.
+        await trx.rawQuery(`DROP TABLE IF EXISTS judge_scope`)
+        await trx.rawQuery(`DROP TABLE IF EXISTS judged`)
+        await trx.rawQuery(`CREATE TEMP TABLE judge_scope (release_id bigint PRIMARY KEY) ON COMMIT DROP`)
+        const { rows } = await trx.rawQuery(
+          `WITH taken AS (DELETE FROM judge_dirty WHERE ctid = ANY(ARRAY(SELECT ctid FROM judge_dirty LIMIT ${CHUNK})) RETURNING release_id),
+             scoped AS (INSERT INTO judge_scope SELECT DISTINCT release_id FROM taken ON CONFLICT DO NOTHING RETURNING 1)
+           SELECT (SELECT count(*) FROM taken) AS taken`
+        )
+        const taken = Number(rows[0].taken)
+        more = taken === CHUNK
+        if (taken === 0) return
+        await trx.rawQuery(
+          `WITH ${TIPPED}
+           INSERT INTO judge_scope SELECT DISTINCT f.release_id FROM file_hashes f JOIN tipped USING (hash16k, size)
+           WHERE NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM release_verdicts v WHERE v.release_id = f.release_id AND v.rule IN ('dead', 'fake', 'repeated'))
+           ON CONFLICT DO NOTHING`
+        )
+        await trx.rawQuery(`ANALYZE judge_scope`)
+        const { rows: scope } = await trx.rawQuery(`SELECT count(*) AS n FROM judge_scope`)
+        round.releases! += Number(scope[0].n)
+        await trx.rawQuery(`CREATE TEMP TABLE judged (release_id bigint PRIMARY KEY, rule varchar(16) NOT NULL) ON COMMIT DROP`)
+        for (const rule of RULES) {
+          const { rowCount } = await trx.rawQuery(
+            `INSERT INTO judged (release_id, rule) SELECT id, ? FROM (${rule.sql(true)}) AS x(id) ON CONFLICT DO NOTHING`,
             [rule.name]
           )
-          // Only the releases whose verdict changes: each row through the insert's conflict check took 60–150 s a rule
-          // for a few thousand changes in a million matches (LOG.md 2026-10-19 (80)).
-          await trx.rawQuery(`ANALYZE judged`)
-          const added = await trx.rawQuery(
-            `INSERT INTO release_verdicts (release_id, rule, rule_version)
-             SELECT j.release_id, ?, ? FROM judged j LEFT JOIN release_verdicts v ON v.release_id = j.release_id
-             WHERE v.rule IS DISTINCT FROM ? AND EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM releases r WHERE r.id = j.release_id)
-             ON CONFLICT (release_id) DO UPDATE SET rule = excluded.rule, rule_version = excluded.rule_version
-             WHERE release_verdicts.rule <> excluded.rule`,
-            [rule.name, JUDGE_VERSION, rule.name]
-          )
-          stats.removed = removed.rowCount ?? 0
-          stats.added = added.rowCount ?? 0
-        })
-      }
-      round.rules[rule.name] = stats
+          round.rules[rule.name].matched += rowCount ?? 0
+        }
+        await trx.rawQuery(`ANALYZE judged`)
+        await this.apply(trx, 'judged', true, round)
+      })
     }
     return round
   }
+
+  /**
+   * The matches (judged: release_id, rule; the first rule's each) into release_verdicts: verdicts no rule gives any
+   * more removed (scoped: of the releases in judge_scope only), changed ones written. Only the changes go through the
+   * insert: each match through its conflict check took 60–150 s a rule (LOG.md 2026-10-19 (80)).
+   */
+  private async apply(trx: any, judged: string, scoped: boolean, round: JudgeRound) {
+    const tally = (rows: { rule: string; n: string }[], field: 'added' | 'removed') => {
+      for (const { rule, n } of rows) {
+        round.rules[rule] ??= { matched: 0, added: 0, removed: 0 }
+        round.rules[rule][field] += Number(n)
+      }
+    }
+    const { rows: removed } = await trx.rawQuery(
+      `WITH gone AS (DELETE FROM release_verdicts v
+         WHERE ${scoped ? 'v.release_id IN (SELECT release_id FROM judge_scope) AND' : ''}
+           NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM ${judged} j WHERE j.release_id = v.release_id)
+         RETURNING v.rule)
+       SELECT rule, count(*) AS n FROM gone GROUP BY 1`
+    )
+    tally(removed, 'removed')
+    const { rows: added } = await trx.rawQuery(
+      `WITH written AS (INSERT INTO release_verdicts (release_id, rule, rule_version)
+         SELECT j.release_id, j.rule, ? FROM ${judged} j LEFT JOIN release_verdicts v ON v.release_id = j.release_id
+         WHERE v.rule IS DISTINCT FROM j.rule AND EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM releases r WHERE r.id = j.release_id)
+         ON CONFLICT (release_id) DO UPDATE SET rule = excluded.rule, rule_version = excluded.rule_version
+         WHERE release_verdicts.rule <> excluded.rule
+         RETURNING rule)
+       SELECT rule, count(*) AS n FROM written GROUP BY 1`,
+      [JUDGE_VERSION]
+    )
+    tally(added, 'added')
+  }
+}
+
+/** "dead 1,157,018 (+1,136 −712), …" for the log. */
+function describe(round: JudgeRound): string {
+  return Object.entries(round.rules)
+    .map(([name, r]) => `${name} ${r.matched.toLocaleString('en')} (+${r.added.toLocaleString('en')} −${r.removed.toLocaleString('en')})`)
+    .join(', ')
 }
diff --git a/commands/releases_judge.ts b/commands/releases_judge.ts
index 1f5a4b0..fbdaac4 100644
--- a/commands/releases_judge.ts
+++ b/commands/releases_judge.ts
@@ -5,10 +5,10 @@ import { ReleaseJudge, RULES } from '#services/release_judge'
 /** The junk judge (REBUILD.md, junk): releases judged after their probes; verdicts hide them from search. */
 export default class ReleasesJudge extends BaseCommand {
   static commandName = 'releases:judge'
-  static description = 'Judges releases by what their probes showed (dead, fake, repeated, locked, unusable), hourly'
+  static description = 'Judges releases by what their probes showed (dead, fake, repeated, locked, unusable): the changed ones every few minutes, all daily'
   static options: CommandOptions = { startApp: true, staysAlive: true }
 
-  @flags.boolean({ description: 'One round, then exit' })
+  @flags.boolean({ description: 'One full round, then exit' })
   declare once: boolean
 
   @flags.boolean({ description: 'With --once: count only, write no verdicts' })
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ export default class ReleasesJudge extends BaseCommand {
   async run() {
     const judge = new ReleaseJudge()
     if (this.once) {
-      const round = await judge.round(this.dry)
+      const round = await judge.full(this.dry)
       for (const rule of RULES) {
         const r = round.rules[rule.name]
         if (r) this.logger.info(`${rule.name}: ${r.matched} (+${r.added} −${r.removed}) — ${rule.says}`)
diff --git a/database/migrations/1770000004900_judge_dirty.ts b/database/migrations/1770000004900_judge_dirty.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4d1da67
--- /dev/null
+++ b/database/migrations/1770000004900_judge_dirty.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+import { BaseSchema } from '@adonisjs/lucid/schema'
+
+/**
+ * The junk judge by what changed (LOG.md 2026-10-19 (83)): a full round over every release took 35–38 min of each
+ * hour, longer with every inspection the prober added. Triggers note each release whose facts a rule reads changed
+ * (judge_dirty: its probes' statuses, inspections, file hashes, passwords, spots, par2 sets, merges, its own judged
+ * columns); the judge judges those every few minutes, and every release in a daily full round (judge_state: when the
+ * last one was, by which rule set), its matches gathered in judge_full. judge_dirty is unlogged: what a crash loses
+ * the next full round judges.
+ */
+export default class extends BaseSchema {
+  async up() {
+    this.schema.raw(`CREATE UNLOGGED TABLE IF NOT EXISTS judge_dirty (release_id bigint NOT NULL)`)
+    this.schema.raw(`CREATE UNLOGGED TABLE IF NOT EXISTS judge_full (release_id bigint PRIMARY KEY, rule varchar(16) NOT NULL)`)
+    this.schema.raw(
+      `CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS judge_state (id smallint PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT 1 CHECK (id = 1), full_at timestamptz NOT NULL, version integer NOT NULL)`
+    )
+    // The verdicts are an hourly full round's: the next full one a day from now.
+    this.schema.raw(`INSERT INTO judge_state (full_at, version) VALUES (now(), 1) ON CONFLICT DO NOTHING`)
+
+    // Rows of a table with release_id: the releases of the rows inserted, deleted, or updated (both, when moved).
+    this.schema.raw(`
+      CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION judge_dirty_by_release_id() RETURNS trigger LANGUAGE plpgsql AS $$
+      BEGIN
+        IF TG_OP IN ('INSERT', 'UPDATE') THEN
+          INSERT INTO judge_dirty (release_id) SELECT DISTINCT release_id FROM new_rows WHERE release_id IS NOT NULL;
+        END IF;
+        IF TG_OP IN ('UPDATE', 'DELETE') THEN
+          INSERT INTO judge_dirty (release_id) SELECT DISTINCT release_id FROM old_rows WHERE release_id IS NOT NULL;
+        END IF;
+        RETURN NULL;
+      END $$`)
+    // probe_candidates: only a status that counts for the dead rule, or a candidate moved by a merge (not the claims'
+    // 'taken', the settler's ready).
+    this.schema.raw(`
+      CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION judge_dirty_probes() RETURNS trigger LANGUAGE plpgsql AS $$
+      BEGIN
+        INSERT INTO judge_dirty (release_id)
+        SELECT DISTINCT unnest(ARRAY[n.release_id, o.release_id]) FROM new_rows n JOIN old_rows o ON o.id = n.id
+        WHERE n.release_id IS DISTINCT FROM o.release_id
+           OR (n.status IS DISTINCT FROM o.status AND (n.status IN ('done', 'missing', 'error') OR o.status IN ('done', 'missing', 'error')));
+        RETURN NULL;
+      END $$`)
+    this.schema.raw(`
+      CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION judge_dirty_merges() RETURNS trigger LANGUAGE plpgsql AS $$
+      BEGIN
+        INSERT INTO judge_dirty (release_id) SELECT DISTINCT into_id FROM new_rows;
+        RETURN NULL;
+      END $$`)
+    this.schema.raw(`
+      CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION judge_dirty_releases() RETURNS trigger LANGUAGE plpgsql AS $$
+      BEGIN
+        IF TG_OP = 'INSERT' THEN
+          INSERT INTO judge_dirty (release_id) SELECT id FROM new_rows;
+        ELSIF TG_OP = 'DELETE' THEN
+          INSERT INTO judge_dirty (release_id) SELECT id FROM old_rows;
+        ELSE
+          INSERT INTO judge_dirty (release_id) VALUES (NEW.id);
+        END IF;
+        RETURN NULL;
+      END $$`)
+
+    for (const table of ['release_inspections', 'file_hashes', 'release_passwords', 'release_spots', 'par2_sets']) {
+      this.schema.raw(`DROP TRIGGER IF EXISTS judge_dirty_insert ON ${table}`)
+      this.schema.raw(`DROP TRIGGER IF EXISTS judge_dirty_update ON ${table}`)
+      this.schema.raw(`DROP TRIGGER IF EXISTS judge_dirty_delete ON ${table}`)
+      this.schema.raw(
+        `CREATE TRIGGER judge_dirty_insert AFTER INSERT ON ${table} REFERENCING NEW TABLE AS new_rows FOR EACH STATEMENT EXECUTE FUNCTION judge_dirty_by_release_id()`
+      )
+      this.schema.raw(
+        `CREATE TRIGGER judge_dirty_update AFTER UPDATE ON ${table} REFERENCING OLD TABLE AS old_rows NEW TABLE AS new_rows FOR EACH STATEMENT EXECUTE FUNCTION judge_dirty_by_release_id()`
+      )
+      this.schema.raw(
+        `CREATE TRIGGER judge_dirty_delete AFTER DELETE ON ${table} REFERENCING OLD TABLE AS old_rows FOR EACH STATEMENT EXECUTE FUNCTION judge_dirty_by_release_id()`
+      )
+    }
+    this.schema.raw(`DROP TRIGGER IF EXISTS judge_dirty_update ON probe_candidates`)
+    this.schema.raw(`DROP TRIGGER IF EXISTS judge_dirty_delete ON probe_candidates`)
+    this.schema.raw(
+      `CREATE TRIGGER judge_dirty_update AFTER UPDATE ON probe_candidates REFERENCING OLD TABLE AS old_rows NEW TABLE AS new_rows FOR EACH STATEMENT EXECUTE FUNCTION judge_dirty_probes()`
+    )
+    this.schema.raw(
+      `CREATE TRIGGER judge_dirty_delete AFTER DELETE ON probe_candidates REFERENCING OLD TABLE AS old_rows FOR EACH STATEMENT EXECUTE FUNCTION judge_dirty_by_release_id()`
+    )
+    this.schema.raw(`DROP TRIGGER IF EXISTS judge_dirty_insert ON release_merges`)
+    this.schema.raw(
+      `CREATE TRIGGER judge_dirty_insert AFTER INSERT ON release_merges REFERENCING NEW TABLE AS new_rows FOR EACH STATEMENT EXECUTE FUNCTION judge_dirty_merges()`
+    )
+    this.schema.raw(`DROP TRIGGER IF EXISTS judge_dirty_insert ON releases`)
+    this.schema.raw(`DROP TRIGGER IF EXISTS judge_dirty_update ON releases`)
+    this.schema.raw(`DROP TRIGGER IF EXISTS judge_dirty_delete ON releases`)
+    this.schema.raw(
+      `CREATE TRIGGER judge_dirty_insert AFTER INSERT ON releases REFERENCING NEW TABLE AS new_rows FOR EACH STATEMENT EXECUTE FUNCTION judge_dirty_releases()`
+    )
+    this.schema.raw(
+      `CREATE TRIGGER judge_dirty_delete AFTER DELETE ON releases REFERENCING OLD TABLE AS old_rows FOR EACH STATEMENT EXECUTE FUNCTION judge_dirty_releases()`
+    )
+    // Per row, and only when a column a rule reads changed: the tail and the settler update releases all the time.
+    this.schema.raw(
+      `CREATE TRIGGER judge_dirty_update AFTER UPDATE ON releases FOR EACH ROW
+       WHEN (OLD.name IS DISTINCT FROM NEW.name OR OLD.poster IS DISTINCT FROM NEW.poster OR OLD.source IS DISTINCT FROM NEW.source
+          OR OLD.file_total IS DISTINCT FROM NEW.file_total OR OLD.passworded IS DISTINCT FROM NEW.passworded
+          OR OLD.settled_at IS DISTINCT FROM NEW.settled_at OR OLD.readable IS DISTINCT FROM NEW.readable
+          OR OLD.inner_name IS DISTINCT FROM NEW.inner_name OR OLD.group_id IS DISTINCT FROM NEW.group_id
+          OR OLD.first_article IS DISTINCT FROM NEW.first_article OR OLD.last_article IS DISTINCT FROM NEW.last_article
+          OR OLD.posted_at IS DISTINCT FROM NEW.posted_at OR OLD.last_posted_at IS DISTINCT FROM NEW.last_posted_at
+          OR OLD.complete IS DISTINCT FROM NEW.complete)
+       EXECUTE FUNCTION judge_dirty_releases()`
+    )
+  }
+
+  async down() {
+    for (const table of ['release_inspections', 'file_hashes', 'release_passwords', 'release_spots', 'par2_sets', 'probe_candidates', 'release_merges', 'releases']) {
+      for (const event of ['insert', 'update', 'delete']) this.schema.raw(`DROP TRIGGER IF EXISTS judge_dirty_${event} ON ${table}`)
+    }
+    this.schema.raw(`DROP FUNCTION IF EXISTS judge_dirty_by_release_id(), judge_dirty_probes(), judge_dirty_merges(), judge_dirty_releases()`)
+    this.schema.raw(`DROP TABLE IF EXISTS judge_dirty, judge_full, judge_state`)
+  }
+}
diff --git a/deploy/compose.yaml b/deploy/compose.yaml
index e6e5238..c9778b8 100644
--- a/deploy/compose.yaml
+++ b/deploy/compose.yaml
@@ -140,8 +140,8 @@ services:
     command: ['node', 'ace', 'releases:merge']
     volumes: []
 
-  # The junk judge: releases judged hourly by what their probes showed (dead, fake, repeated, locked, unusable);
-  # verdicts hide them from search. No NNTP.
+  # The junk judge: releases judged by what their probes showed (dead, fake, repeated, locked, unusable), the changed
+  # ones every 2 minutes, all daily; verdicts hide them from search. No NNTP.
   judge:
     <<: *app
     command: ['node', 'ace', 'releases:judge']
diff --git a/tests/functional/release_judge.spec.ts b/tests/functional/release_judge.spec.ts
index abbafc5..a166422 100644
--- a/tests/functional/release_judge.spec.ts
+++ b/tests/functional/release_judge.spec.ts
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ test.group('ReleaseJudge', (group) => {
     const spotted = await release('yy12CD34ef56GH78ij90', { readable: false, ...placed })
     await db.table('release_spots').insert({ release_id: spotted, spot_id: 's@x', files: 1 })
 
-    const round = await new ReleaseJudge().round()
+    const round = await new ReleaseJudge().full()
     const verdicts = new Map((await db.from('release_verdicts').select('release_id', 'rule')).map((v) => [Number(v.release_id), v.rule]))
     assert.equal(verdicts.get(dead), 'dead')
     assert.isUndefined(verdicts.get(halfDead))
@@ -107,11 +107,82 @@ test.group('ReleaseJudge', (group) => {
 
     // A password found: the next round takes the verdict back.
     await db.table('release_passwords').insert({ release_id: locked, password: 'found', source: 'nzb' })
-    const again = await new ReleaseJudge().round()
+    const again = await new ReleaseJudge().full()
     assert.equal(again.rules.locked.removed, 1)
     // Verdicts that stay are not written again.
     assert.equal(again.rules.repeated.added, 0)
     assert.equal(again.rules.fake.added, 0)
     assert.isNull(await db.from('release_verdicts').where('release_id', locked).first())
   })
+
+  test('judges the releases whose facts changed, and those a hash of theirs tipped over', async ({ assert }) => {
+    let n = 0
+    const settled = new Date(Date.now() - 3 * 86400_000)
+    const release = async (name: string, extra: Record<string, unknown> = {}) => {
+      n++
+      const key = `jc${String(n).padStart(6, '0')}`.padEnd(40, '0')
+      const [row] = await db
+        .table('releases')
+        .insert({ release_key: key, identity_key: key, name, source: 'stem', groups: '[]', files: 3, posted_at: settled, readable: true, settled_at: settled, ...extra })
+        .returning('id')
+      return Number(row.id)
+    }
+    const judge = new ReleaseJudge()
+    const verdict = async (id: number) => (await db.from('release_verdicts').where('release_id', id).first())?.rule
+    const dirty = async () => Number((await db.from('judge_dirty').count('* as n'))[0].n)
+
+    // New releases are noted; a passworded one is locked, until a password turns up.
+    const locked = await release('Locked.Thing', { passworded: true })
+    assert.isAbove(await dirty(), 0)
+    let round = await judge.changed()
+    assert.equal(await verdict(locked), 'locked')
+    assert.equal(round.rules.locked.added, 1)
+    assert.equal(await dirty(), 0)
+    await db.table('release_passwords').insert({ release_id: locked, password: 'pw', source: 'nzb' })
+    round = await judge.changed()
+    assert.isUndefined(await verdict(locked))
+    assert.equal(round.rules.locked.removed, 1)
+
+    // Probes: a release whose probed articles are all missing is dead once the prober's statuses come in.
+    const dead = await release('Gone.Movie.2020.1080p')
+    const ids = await db.table('probe_candidates').multiInsert([
+      { release_id: dead, kind: 'lone', message_id: '<jc1@x>', file: 'a', status: 'waiting' },
+      { release_id: dead, kind: 'lone', message_id: '<jc2@x>', file: 'b', status: 'waiting' },
+    ]).returning('id')
+    await judge.changed()
+    assert.isUndefined(await verdict(dead))
+    await db.from('probe_candidates').whereIn('id', ids.map((r: { id: string }) => r.id)).update({ status: 'missing' })
+    await judge.changed()
+    assert.equal(await verdict(dead), 'dead')
+
+    // One file in 19 releases, one of them locked: the 20th makes them all repeated, the locked one too (repeated
+    // comes first), though only the 20th changed.
+    const hash = 'b'.repeat(32)
+    const holders: number[] = []
+    for (let i = 0; i < 19; i++) holders.push(await release(`holder${i}`, i === 0 ? { passworded: true } : {}))
+    for (const [i, id] of holders.entries()) await db.table('file_hashes').insert({ candidate_id: 30000 + i, release_id: id, hash16k: hash, size: 5000 })
+    await judge.changed()
+    assert.equal(await verdict(holders[0]), 'locked')
+    assert.isUndefined(await verdict(holders[1]))
+    const twentieth = await release('holder19')
+    await db.table('file_hashes').insert({ candidate_id: 30019, release_id: twentieth, hash16k: hash, size: 5000 })
+    round = await judge.changed()
+    assert.equal(round.releases, 20)
+    const rules = new Set()
+    for (const id of [...holders, twentieth]) rules.add(await verdict(id))
+    assert.deepEqual([...rules], ['repeated'])
+
+    // A verdict nothing noted stays until the full round; it's due a day after the last one.
+    const stale = await release('Fine.Release')
+    await judge.changed()
+    await db.table('release_verdicts').insert({ release_id: stale, rule: 'fake', rule_version: 1 })
+    await judge.changed()
+    assert.equal(await verdict(stale), 'fake')
+    await db.from('judge_state').update({ full_at: new Date(Date.now() - 2 * 86400_000) })
+    assert.isTrue(await judge.fullDue())
+    round = await judge.full()
+    assert.isUndefined(await verdict(stale))
+    assert.equal(await verdict(dead), 'dead')
+    assert.isFalse(await judge.fullDue())
+  })
 })